IV Access
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Gaining Intravenous Access: Procedure and Equipment
Introduction to Intravenous Access
Understanding the Procedure and Equipment
Consent and Patient Comfort
Respecting Patient Rights and Comfort
- Consent: Always obtain patient consent for the procedure.
- Patient Understanding: Ensure patients fully comprehend the procedure and their right to refuse.
- Discomfort: Acknowledge that the procedure can be uncomfortable.
When and Why Intravenous Access is Necessary
Timing and Purpose of Intravenous Access
Timing: Access may be required in anticipation of worsening patient conditions.
Purpose: Intravenous cannulas are used for drug and fluid administration.
Equipment Overview
Essential Tools for the Procedure
- Tourniquet: Used to engorge veins for easier access.
- Sterile Field: Dressings and securing devices for maintaining sterility.
- Cannula Variety: Different sizes for various patient needs (e.g., 14 to 24 gauge).
- Skin Preparation: Products like chlorhexidine ensure a sterile field.
Preparation and Cannula Testing
Steps Before Cannula Insertion
- Skin Prep: Apply and allow chlorhexidine to dry for sterile skin.
- Cannula Patency: Confirm by drawing normal saline into a syringe and checking for cool fluid flow.
- Check Expiry: Ensure cannula and consumables are within the use-by date.
- Packaging Integrity: Verify no damage or dirt ingress in packaging.
Safe Disposal
Handling Sharps and Disposal
Responsibility: Dispose of exposed Sharps responsibly in a designated container.